Scientific Research
This page is in a'blog' format with the latest scientific PSC research identified by Google Scholar, Readbyqmx.com and other sources added regularly.

Colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: The risk, pathogenesis, prevention and diagnosis

Eun Ran Kim and Dong Kyung Chang

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk for developing colorectal cancer (CRC), although the overall incidence of IBD-associated CRC has been diminishing in recent decades in western countries. As demonstrated in previous studies, the risk of CRC in IBD increases with longer duration, extent of colitis, a familial history of CRC, coexistent primary sclerosing cholangitis, and the degree of inflammation. The pathogenesis of CRC in IBD is poorly understood ... Please click here to read the full article.

World J Gastroenterol. 2014 August 7; 20(29): 9872-9881. 
Published online 2014 August 7. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i29.9872.

Systemic therapy for cholangiocarcinoma

Saeed Sadeghi and Richard S. Finn. Clinical Liver Disease, 2014, Special Issue: Autoimmune Liver Disease, Part 4, Volume 3, Issue 4, pages 86–89

Abstract

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an increasingly common biliary malignancy and accounting for 3% of all gastrointestinal tumors. In the United States, the incidence is 1 to 2 cases per 100,000 population and is uncommon compared with other cancer types. While the incidence of intrahepatic CCAs has been rising in industrialized countries, the incidence of extrahepatic CCA is declining worldwide.1 CCA continues to have a high mortality, with a 5-year survival rate of 10%.[2] In the Western world, the most commonly associated risk factor for CCA is primary sclerosing cholangitis, with an annual risk of 0.5%-1.5%  . . . Please click here to read the full text of this article

Malignancy in primary sclerosing cholangitis: Bile duct, liver, and colon

Roger W. Chapman. Clinical Liver Disease Special Issue: Autoimmune Liver Disease, Part 4, 2014, Volume 3, Issue 4,  pages 83–85,

Abstract

As discussed in companion articles in CLD, the clinical course of large duct primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is highly variable and unpredictable.[1, 2] Although the median survival from presentation to death or liver transplantation in symptomatic patients is approximately 10-12 years, 75% of asymptomatic patients will survive 15 years or more. A recent Dutch study has shown an overall median survival of 22 years in PSC patients.[3] . . . Please click here for the full article

An interview with the author and a video presentation of this article is available by clicking here.

Mitsuro Chiba, Hidehiko Tsuda, Satoko Tsuda, Masafumi Komatsu, Yasuo Horie, Hirohide Ohnishi

Abstract

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is commonly associated with ulcerative colitis (UC). PSC progresses independently of UC ultimately resulting in liver failure. There is no established medi- cal treatment to improve the natural course of PSC. Normalization of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in early stage might delay the progress of PSC. A 20-year-old female, had a sudden attack of right hypochondralgia with high fever and abnormal liver function tests without elevation of bili- rubin: ALP 478 IU/L, aspartate aminotransferase 360 IU/L, alanine aminotransferase 174 IU/L. Abnormal liver function tests returned to normal after the attacks. Morphological examinations initially indicated then confirmed a diagnosis of PSC. One month after displaying PSC symptoms administration of ursodeoxycholic acid was initiated. Similar attacks of cholangitis were repeated several times over the following two years. Even in the absence of these attacks, she always suf- fered postprandial hypochondralgia ... Full article available by clicking on the title

Copyright © 2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Zenouzi R, Weismüller TJ, Hübener P, Schulze K, Bubenheim M, Pannicke N, Weiler-Normann C, Lenzen H, Manns MP, Lohse AW, Schramm C, Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014 Feb 12. pii: S1542-3565(14)00198-0. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2014.02.008. [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract

Background and Aims:

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is associated with an increased risk of hepatobiliary malignancies. However, little is known about the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among patients with PSC; current recommendations on screening these patients forHCC are conflicting. We investigated the risk of HCC in patients with PSC with cirrhosis ...  To read further please click on the title to go to the original source.

Copyright © 2014 AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
KEYWORDS: Cholangiocarcinoma, Liver Cancer, Population, Screening
PMID: 24530461 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher
Sourced from Pubmed (National Library of Medicine)

Medical management of primary sclerosing cholangitis

Atoosa Rabiee M.D., Cynthia Levy M.D

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is characterized by inflammation, fibrosis, and stricturing of intrahepatic and/or extrahepatic bile ducts, eventually progressing to biliary cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease. Two-thirds of affected patients are males, with the median age at presentation of 40 years.[1] Although clinical presentation varies significantly, serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is usually elevated at the time of diagnosis, and 60%-80% of patients have associated inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In addition, there is a strong association with increased risk of hepatobiliary and colonic neoplasias . . .  To read further please click on the title where you will be taken to the original site with the full article available to read.

Donor-transmitted, donor-derived, and de novo cancer after liver transplant.

Chapman JR, Lynch SV., Exp Clin Transplant. 2014 Mar;12 Suppl 1:50-4.

Abstract

Cancer is the third most common cause of death (after cardiovascular disease and infection) for patients who have a functioning kidney allograft. Kidney and liver transplant recipients have similar cancer risks because of immunosuppression but different risks because of differences in primary diseases that cause renal and hepatic failure and the inherent behavior of cancers in the liver. 

There are 4 types of cancer that may develop in liverallograft recipients: (1) recurrent cancer, (2) donor-transmitted cancer, (3) donor-derived cancer, and (4) de novo cancer . . . To read further please click on the title.

Trends in Pre-Liver Transplant Screening for Cholangiocarcinoma among Patients with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

Trilianos P. Selaru F. Li Z. Gurakar A., Digestion 2014;89:165-173 (DOI: 10.1159/000357445)

Abstract

Background:  Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the most common hepatobiliary malignancy complicating primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Unfortunately, timely diagnosis of CCA in PSC patients remains challenging. 

Aim: To investigate the strategies among liver centers regarding pre-transplant screening for CCA in patients with PSC. 

Methods:  An online survey was returned from 46 US transplant centers, inquiring on the frequency of screening, the use of specific tests, or tactical approaches to high-grade dysplasia (HGD) or CCA . . . To read further please click on the title.

© 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel

Note: There are links to other relevant articles on PSC on the right hand side of this abstract.

Mortality and extraintestinal cancers in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and inflammatory bowel disease

Ashwin N. Ananthakrishna, Andrew Caga, Vivian S. Gainer, Su-Chun Chen, Tianxi Cai, Peter Szolovits, Stanley Y. Shaw, Susanne Churchill, Elizabeth W. Karlson, Shawn N. Murphy, Isaac Kohan, Katherine P. Liao

Abstract

Introduction: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) frequently co-occur. PSC is associated with increased risk for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, whether PSC is associated with increased risk of extraintestinal cancers or affects mortality in an IBD cohort has not been examined previously.

Methods: In a multi-institutional IBD cohort of IBD, we established a diagnosis of PSC using a novel algorithm incorporating narrative and codified data with high positive and negative predictive value . . . To read further, please click on the title.